Sexually Transmitted Diseases – Symptoms and Causes

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are typically caused by sexual contact. The organisms (viruses, bacteria, or parasites) that cause STDs may pass from individual to individual in semen, blood, or vaginal and other bodily fluids.

At times, these infections can also be transmitted non-sexually, like from mother to baby during pregnancy or childbirth, or through shared needles or blood transfusions. Sexually transmitted diseases don’t always bring symptoms. It is possible to get STDs from people who seem completely healthy and may not even be aware they are infected.

Symptoms of STDs

Sexually transmitted diseases may have a wide array of symptoms and signs, including no symptoms. That is why they might go unobserved until complications arise or a partner is diagnosed. Symptoms and signs that might indicate an STD include:

• Burning or painful urination

• Bumps or sores on the genitals or in the rectal or oral area

• Unusual vaginal bleeding

• Odd-smelling or unusual vaginal discharge

• Discharge from the penis

• Pain during sexual intercourse

• Swollen, sore lymph nodes, especially in the groin

• Fever

• Lower abdominal pain

• A rash over hands, feet, or trunk

Symptoms and signs may appear just a few days after exposure, or it may take months or even years before you get any noticeable complication, depending upon the infectious organism.

Causes

STDs can be caused by the following:

• Viruses (genital herpes, human papillomavirus, HIV)

• Parasites (trichomoniasis)

• Bacteria (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia)

Sexual activity plays a consequential role in spreading most kinds of infections. However, it is possible to get infected without sexual contact between individuals. For example the hepatitis A, B, and C viruses, giardia in intestinal's, and shigella.

Risk Factors

Anybody who is active sexually risks a certain extent of exposure to STDs. Factors that may escalate that risk includes:

• Having Unprotected Sexual Intercourse: Anal or vaginal penetration by an infected partner who is not wearing a latex condom substantially increases the risk of developing an STD. Inconsistent or improper use of condoms may also increase your risk of getting infected.
• Having Multiple Sexual Partners: The more people you engage sexually with, the greater your risk of getting an STD. This is true for monogamous consecutive relationships as well as concurrent partners.
• Having a History of STD: Having one STD makes it significantly easier for another STD to take hold of your body.
• Forceful Sexual Activity: Dealing with sexual assault or rape can be challenging, but it is essential to see a doctor ASAP to ensure you get proper screening, treatment, as well as emotional support.
• Injecting Drugs: Sharing needles may spread many serious infections, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV.

Conclusion

You should always consult a trustworthy adult, parent, or doctor before engaging in sexual activity. More importantly, if you are worried you have been infected, or you have been noticing any signs or symptoms, immediately reach a doctor who specializes in STD testing in Lansing, MI.

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Safe Health PC Joined: August 4th, 2020